Thermodynamics

Thermodynamic Systems and Processes Summary•
A thermodynamic system is a collection of matter and space with its boundaries defined in
such a way that the energy transfer across the boundaries can be best understood.• Surroundings are everything not in the system being studied.•
Systems are classified into one of three groups:
1.Isolated system - neither mass nor energy
can cross the boundaries
2.closed system - only
energy can cross the boundaries
3.open system -both mass and energy can cross the boundaries• A control volume is a fixed region of space that is studied as a thermodynamic system.•
Steady state refers to a condition where the properties at any
given point within the system are constant over
time. Neither mass or energy are accumulating within the system.•
A thermodynamic process is
the succession of states that a system passes through. Processes can be described by any of the following terms:
1.Cyclic process - a series of
processes that results in the system returning to its
original state.
2.Reversible process - a process that can be reversed resulting in no change in the system or surroundings.
3.Irreversible process - a
process that, if reversed, would result in a change
to the system or surroundings.
4.Adiabatic process - a
process in which there is no heat transfer across
the system or  boundaries.
5.Isentropic process - a
process in which the entropy of the system
remains unchanged
6.poly tropic process - the plot of
Log P vs. Log V is a straight line, PVn =constant
7.Throttling process - a process in which enthalpy is constant
h1 = h2, work= 0, and which
is adiabatic, Q=0.